HOW TO PROTECT YOUR TAX ALLOWANCES

TODAY’S BLOG

HOW TO PROTECT YOUR TAX ALLOWANCES

The government has committed to an awful lot of new spending. But the money has to come from somewhere. The unwritten rule of electioneering is to announce the spending increases during campaigning, and wait for the first post-election Budget to reveal the bad news about tax. Over the past few weeks we’ve seen suggestions of everything from some form of ‘mansion tax’ on more expensive homes, to changes in capital gains tax and tweaks in pension tax relief.

Sajid Javid’s resignation as chancellor – the person in charge of the Budget – might have derailed some of the plans in progress, but commentators are divided on what’s likely to happen next. Some think fiscal (tax) rules will be relaxed, so there’s less pressure to balance the books and spending can rise alongside tax cuts.

Let us not forget the small matter of an election manifesto pledge to get rid of ‘arbitrary tax advantages’ for the wealthy. Unfortunately we don’t have a working crystal ball to know what tax changes if any will come to fruition. We think the best way to shelter yourself from any potential tax changes is to take as much advantage as you can with the appropriate current breaks, while they still last:

Take advantage of ISAs (£20,000)
Consider a Lifetime ISA (£4,000)
Don’t forget Junior ISAs (£4,368)
Top up your pension (£40,000 and the abilty to use up unused allowances from the 3 previous tax years)
Consider salary sacrifice (employer pays your reduced NI and tax into your pension)
Take advantage of your spousal exemptions (share capital gains etc)
Claim the marriage allowance (transfer £1,250 to your spouse)
Consider your annual gifting allowance of £3,000
Use your 2019/20 Capital Gains Tax Allowance of £12,000
VCT, EIS, SEIS investment options for those that are more adventurous

Dominic Thomas
Solomons IFA

You can read more articles about Pensions, Wealth Management, Retirement, Investments, Financial Planning and Estate Planning on my blog which gets updated every week. If you would like to talk to me about your personal wealth planning and how we can make you stay wealthier for longer then please get in touch by calling 08000 736 273 or email info@solomonsifa.co.uk

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GET IN TOUCH

Solomon’s Independent Financial Advisers
The Old Mill Cobham Park Road, COBHAM Surrey, KT11 3NE

Email – info@solomonsifa.co.uk Call – 020 8542 8084

7 QUESTIONS, NO WAFFLE

Are we a good fit for you?

Take Survey

PRIVACY POLICY | DATA PROTECTION

HOW TO PROTECT YOUR TAX ALLOWANCESDominic2025-01-21T16:33:58+00:00

Investing in a Business

Solomons-financial-advisor-wimbledon-blogger

Investing in a Business

One of the ways that Government attempts to create jobs is to encourage and stimulate small businesses, start-ups or recently started businesses. The Prime Minister wants these to scale up, not simply start up. So as a regular investor (which in my world we call a retail investor) there are various ways that you are incentivized to be part of this wealth creation.

Tax effective incentives

Venture Capital Trusts, Enterprise Investment Schemes, Small Enterprise Investment Schemes are all such investment structures designed to encourage you (with tax incentives) to invest into new businesses. Generally, though not always the case, these would be businesses looking for money, to which traditional banks don’t, can’t or won’t lend. Since the credit crunch, despite the Government pouring billions into the system, most lending to small businesses has not increased. Indeed any chart on the topic would suggest that Banks are positively less than helpful.

A Different Approach

As we approach the end of the tax year, various specialist companies will produce offers for these tax efficient investments. The rules for them are fairly complex, primarily because they (the rules) seem to get changed each year. It would certainly be true to say that the degree of investment risk is generally much higher than say investing into most normal investment funds that track an index. As with most things, there are good and not so good and some downright awful. Despite being 3 or 5 year investments, in reality they are long-term investments, where the positive rewards may take some years to bear fruit, and as with almost every business, extracting money from them requires a carefully considered exit strategy and ideally several potential buyers.

The company you keep

In the latest Trainspotting film, (T2, which is a return to Edinburgh and the characters from 20 years ago) two of the characters (Renton and Simon) decide to have a proper go at running a “business”. Despite being “creative thinkers” and possessing “the gift of the gab” rather more is required to run a successful business. Sadly, their skill set and personal focus do not lend themselves to a successful outcome. Some investors could be forgiven for thinking that the degree of risk being taken is similar to that of investing into non-mainstream investments. However the only thing in common is the capability of the management of the business. Good managers can turn a bad business around, but equally a good business can be ruined by bad management. We all know that there are some very unsavory characters in business, some even cross-over into politics. Trainspotting has a particularly nasty character. As is always the case, people are key. In this form of investing, it is certainly the case that a good business plan requires a good management team to implement it.

Choose wisely

So (and here is where you imagine Ewan McGregor reading this) if you think that you might want to choose to invest in small businesses, choose to create jobs, choose wealth creation, choose something a bit different, choose a dose of tax relief, perhaps you should be thinking about choosing to invest into an EIS, SEIS or VCT. As with T2 it won’t be everyone’s cup of tea, (or drug of choice). Generally, you’ll need a minimum of £25,000 to invest. This is for those that do want to choose some of the companies that will make a mark on the next 20 years. Those that are comfortable with the risk. Those that are choosing to invest for the long-term and have a clear idea of what they are getting into. Then investing in businesses can provide a rewarding experience. But choose wisely. Here is the trailer for T2: Trainspotting.

Dominic Thomas
Solomons IFA

Investing in a BusinessDominic2023-12-01T12:18:49+00:00

Business Owners and EIS

This item is aimed at business owners and how an EIS might be of use.

Many business owners are growing increasingly frustrated about the tax associated with extracting profit from their companies. Often referred to as “double taxation”, a company owner must first face corporation tax on profits made by their business and again when they decide to pay themselves a dividend/salary. It can at times, feel like you are working for HMRC.

An Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) can be used to extract profit from a business tax efficiently. EIS was introduced by the UK Government in 1994 in order to induce investment into UK smaller companies. In order to make investing in smaller companies more attractive, compensating the additional risks, there are a number of tax reliefs available through EIS investments (providing you hold your investment for at least three years).

Income Tax Relief	CGT deferral	IHT relief
Reduction in income tax liabilities amounting to 30% of the total investment	Facility to defer paying CGT on all, or part, of a chargeable gain by investing the gain into EIS qualifying shares	EIS companies qualify for Business Property Relief (BPR)
Relief can be applied to the current or previous tax year	Investors can defer CGT by using EIS up to 12 months before crystallising gains or up to 36 months afterwards	As long as shares have been held for 2 of the last 5 years and are held at time of death and remain BPR qualifying, the value of the EIS investment will count as part of your estate but will have a nil value for IHT purposes
The maximum amount of income tax that can be claimed is £300,000 for the current tax year and £300,000 for the previous tax year
Relief cannot exceed the amount which reduces an investor’s income tax liability to nil

Business Owner – Double Tax

Mr Williams, normally a higher rate tax payer, owns a small business. He pays himself a £10,600 salary per year in order to stay within his personal allowance; no income tax is paid on this amount. In addition to this salary he pays himself a dividend each year which attracts an income tax liability. However, he is still frustrated with the amount of tax paid on the dividends.

If Mr Williams pays himself a £50,000 dividend, he will owe 25% (£12,500) in income tax on this (once we take the tax credits into account). This will leave him with £37,500 of net funds in his account after paying the tax.

If Mr Williams invested £50,000 into an EIS, he will be entitled to 30% income tax relief (£15,000). This tax rebate can be used to wipe out the £12,500 due on the dividend. It also leaves him with an extra £2,500 of income tax relief to set against other income tax he has paid across the current and/or previous tax year.

He is left with a £50,000 EIS investment, which he can liquidate once he has held the investment for three years. Providing the EIS investment has, at least, preserved its value Mr Williams has saved £15,000 in tax as a result of this investment.

Any growth within his EIS investment is tax free, as per the EIS rules.

My example, implies that Mr Williams has adequate resources elsewhere, so that he can invest £50,000 rather than it being needed for income. The word or note of caution, is that an EIS is obviously an investment and at the higher end of the risk spectrum (though running your own business obviously carries risk). Whilst investing in smaller companies often involves higher levels of risk and worse levels of liquidity, many investment companies offer EIS investments that target capital preservation. These investments involve companies with long-term, index-linked and stable cash flows.

Want to know more? – get in touch.

Dominic Thomas
Solomons IFA

Business Owners and EISDominic2023-12-01T12:19:46+00:00

What is the best way to save for retirement? Part 3

This is the third post in the series “what is the best way to save for retirement?”

So what are the alternatives to a pension?

As we have discovered, a pension, at least in the way the financial services industry use the term is a savings plan. Its has two main advantaged over other forms of savings plans. The first is that an employer or business can pay into the savings plan for you. The other a more obvious is that contributions attract tax relief. These are both massive advantages and could be described as “money for nothing”. Under the new auto enrolment rules your 4% payment to a pension is essentially doubled, with 3% from your employer an 1% from HMRC. However be aware that as with all things, today’s rules are no predictors of the future, one that I may remind you is shaped by economic realities and the politicians that attempt to pretend otherwise.

So what are the alternatives? Well they are almost infinite, but lets narrow this down to three simple ideas.

Investments
Property
A Business

As a pension is simply a pot of money to take income from for the rest of your life (with the option of buying an annuity if you want to). Then any form of investment can do this job, including a bank account (if indeed we can call holding a cash deposit account an “investment”). Today I will only focus on the investment option.

An Investment Portfolio

Investing is fraught with possible mistakes, almost every investment promises “out-performance”. This is largely hot air. Apart from selecting suitable investments and constructing a portfolio, investing has costs and any income from an investment, for example a dividend payment is liable to tax. Gains are also subject to capital gains tax. There are “tax free” investment products such as ISAs, but for many people the amount that can be put each year into an ISA is unlikely to be enough for your retirement (though many will find it more than they can actually save).

Are investments more risky than a pension?

No, you could have identical holdings in a pension and a “regular” portfolio. The issue is understanding how the portfolio is constructed, why and what returns over the long-term are likely to be achieved. Anyone that promises guaranteed results is being less than honest with you. Everyone has a different idea about which assets or markets will perform best – that’s kind of the point of a market – where people agree a price on something when they disagree what direction that price is heading. Its true that there are other tax efficient ways to invest, using EIS, VCTs and such like, but be warned, the term venture or enterprise is used sensibly and most people are neither.

So let’s take an example and agree lots of assumptions

Suppose you need an income of £20,000 a year and inflation-linked at 3% a year (yes we are guessing). If you only expect to live 10 years from retirement at 65 and are happy with this assumption (that the money runs out, all gone, nothing left!) then the income (actual cash) you take will be nearly £230,000 over 10 years to age 75. If we assume that the portfolio grows at 5% a year during this time (which may be ambitious as you are probably keen to have certainty that the money will pay out for 10 years) then you need a fund of about £175,000 at 65. If you expect to live for 20 years and then the fund runs dry… well you would take out total income of nearly £540,000 and need a pot of £320,000 at 65 to provide this.

What would an annuity give me?

If you were to buy an inflation linked annuity at 3%pa as a 65 year old, you would probably need about £500,000 at 65. This is based on a 4% annuity rate (4% of £500,000 being £20,000pa) The advantage of the pension route is that if you live longer than 20 years (85) it continues to pay a rising income until you die. The investment pot has run out. Both have the same assumptions about inflation (which will be wrong in practice, unless you are going to credit me with mystic powers).

Pension or ISA?

So here’s the hard numbers. The pension pot needs to reach £500,000 and the ISA investment portfolio, well let’s go for £320,000 and assume we can predict death at 85. Lets suppose we start saving at 35, giving us 30 years to grow the money by the time we are 65. Let’s also assume the pension and investment portfolio hold the same stuff and perform identically, with the same charges, let’s assume that over 30 years the funds grow at 7% for the sake of simplicity. We will also assume that you increase what you save by inflation (3%) each year so that the amount you pay is proportionally the same each month. This is now virtually a GCSE maths question (if only they’d taught us the maths that was important in life right!).

So to build £320,000 in the ISA investment portfolio, you need to invest £195.64 a month rising by 3% a year, a total outlay of £113,220 over 30 years. As you may imagine to achieve £500,000 in the pension over the same time with the same returns, you need to invest £305.69 a month initially, increasing by 3% a year. A total outlay of £176,906 over 30 years. So the pension costs you £63,686 more (about 36% more). However, with the pension you had 20% tax relief, so you really paid 80% of £176,906 or £141,524, still more than the ISA, but not that much more.

£500,000 Pension pot actual cost for basic rate taxpayer £141,524
£320,000 ISA pot actual cost for basic or higher rate taxpayer £113,220

Your employer can make payments too

Now imagine that your employer was also paying into your pension pot (which they cannot do with an ISA). Suppose that they are paying 3% of your salary – as they will be under auto enrolment, let’s assume you want £20,000 a year because you reckon that’s what you need to support your equivalent lifestyle today, so let’s just assume you earn £30,000 at the moment, so 3% is £75 a month. So if your salary rises at 3% a year in the same way, over 30 years, that’s £43,404 of employer payments in total. You can therefore reduce your own payments from £305.69 a month by £75 to £230.69 a month, which in practice is £184.55 a month net of basic rate tax relief…. Which is marginally less than the £195.64 you need to save into an ISA.

£500,000 Pension pot with 3% employer contribution £106,804 net of 20% tax relief
£320,000 ISA pot £113,220

Of course the more your employer pays the better, but I hope that I have demonstrated that tax relief and employer contributions make a big difference. Don’t forget that the annuity dies with you (unless you build in benefits for your spouse) but anything left in the ISA portfolio is merely added to your estate and subject to inheritance tax. The big gamble is predicting your life expectancy.

Tomorrow I turn to property as an investment. I hope that it evident that this is not advice, I am merely outlining an example and doing the sums. You should get specific advice to suit your circumstances.

Dominic Thomas: Solomons IFA

What is the best way to save for retirement? Part 3Dominic2023-12-01T12:38:52+00:00

Rangers – What Lurks Beneath

1954: 20,000 Leagues Under The Sea

Financial planners often use the football league as metaphor for investment performance – the six top teams are fairly predictable each year and a sense that success breeds success. Relating this to the top performing funds is stretching things, though I acknowledge that sometimes this does appear to be the case. Invariably funds do not consistently perform at the highest level, with very few exceptions. There are some analogies that can be helpful, though not necessarily reliable – for example the duration of the manager, which for Fund Managers can be relatively short-term, but perhaps not quite as brief and sanguine as the very short-term tenures of the majority of football managers. The size of the football club would often suggest strength of resources (as it might for investment companies) but recent evidence would suggest (as any good business person knows) that governance and how an organisation is operated are the vital ingredients.

Take Glasgow Rangers typically either 1st or 2nd in the comparatively small pond of the Scottish Premier League. It would appear that this club (company) had forgotten (like many others seem to) how to run a business. Expenses cannot exceed income for very long. Ambition and desire can play havoc with reality. The use of tax avoiding schemes to pay staff were always questionable and certainly complex. The most recent takeover of Rangers by Mr Whyte used funds provided in advance of ticket revenues… which has a similar feel to it as using the future payments on mortgages to form a capital sum (which effectively was the mechanism that caused the credit crisis). What has this to do with investors? well nothing, unless you have invested in a particular Enterprise Investment Scheme (which is a higher risk form of investment) and run by Octopus, who amongst various holdings, have holdings in Ticketus. The money provided was essentially “working capital” that enabled Mr Whyte (having put up personal guarantees) to takeover Glasgow Rangers. Effectively swapping future ticket revenue for a lump of cash now. This is also similar to the demsie of Enron who operated on the unchallenged assumptions about the future. The implications of the arrangement and the collapse of Glasgow Rangers are being explored by both the administrators and Octopus. EIS investors know that an EIS investment is high risk and there is always a chance that they could loose all of their money, a pertinent question though, is what is the difference between business risk and carelessness? The two are obviously quite distinct.

So as fans of Rangers come to terms with the harsh reality that football is a business (however hard many try to present this reality as “inaccurate”) some investors may need to come to terms with “looking under the bonnet”. Investments can be incredibly complex, with all sorts of attractive promises, they should be designed to make money, but remember that the investor is only one party that seeks to do this, so too does the Product Provider and the businesses that are held within the portfolio. Certainly everyone makes mistakes, but the stockmarket is no place to learn life lessons, unless you really do have money to burn. Financial planning when done well involves considering investments carefully, looking under the bonnet and exposing the possibility of nasty surprises and coming to terms with the reality that there is risk in everything, but minimising these to a sensible level. Importantly reviewing and challenging assumptions in the light of real experience is also a vital part of the “work in progress” that a financial plan will include.

We are a boutique firm of financial planners. We create financial plans designed to achieve a desired lifestyle. We will craft and implement your plan that will provide you with the greatest chance of accomplishing your unique goals based upon the values that you hold. Financial products are little more than the tools to achieve your required results
Call us today or visit our website for more information and to arrange a meeting

Rangers – What Lurks BeneathDominic2025-01-21T15:54:49+00:00