ISA ISA, Baby

Daniel Liddicott
April 2024 • 2 min read

ISA ISA, Baby

It came to our attention recently, after a number of queries, that there may be some confusion around when an ISA provides interest and when it provides investment returns. If you are unsure or have been wondering about this yourself, then I hope that this short blog is of interest to you (pun intended, of course).

Cash ISAs produce interest. Stocks & Shares ISAs provide investment returns.

Most Cash ISA providers are able to tell you ‘up front’ what your interest rate will be. In contrast to this, the growth rate in a Stocks & Shares ISA is not known at the outset – it’s only by looking back at performance that you know what it has been over a period of time.

All ISAs that are held by our clients on the Nucleus or Fundment platforms are Stocks & Shares ISAs and, as the name suggests, the funds held within these are invested in stocks/equity. Therefore, these provide investment returns, unlike their Cash ISA counterparts.

We have also received some queries about the investment term for ISAs. For Stocks & Shares ISAs, it is essentially however long you are willing to leave the funds invested for. And the longer the better! This way, you give your investments time to recover from all of the expected fluctuations in value that the stock market is subject to, providing the prospect for real growth of your ISA funds over the longer term.

Cash ISAs do often come with a particular term attached and, as a general rule, the longer you are willing to leave your money ‘locked away’ in one of these ISAs, the better the interest rate that you will be able to obtain.

As an example, you might opt to place your funds into a Cash ISA with Nationwide for the fixed term of one year, with the agreement that Nationwide will pay you a certain amount of interest over that time period. The interest that you receive on the one-year fixed term is highly likely to be greater than if you were to opt for an ISA that you can dip in and out of as you please without any restrictions.

If you would like to read a more detailed blog on ISAs, you might find this helpful:

What is an ISA?

BACK TO ALL BLOGS

ISA ISA, BabyJemima Thomas2024-04-24T17:02:23+01:00

ISAs are being ”Simplified”

Dominic Thomas
April 2024 • 5 min read

ISAs are being ”Simplified”

I don’t like sounding (or being) cynical (there’s a but coming isn’t there!) … but – when a Government or HMRC use the word “simplification” they seem to merely describe their own thought process and nothing else. The intention is usually good, the real-world working, well … not so much.

There are some rule changes, announced by the Chancellor in the Autumn statement, that are designed to simplify the scheme and encourage more people to invest tax-free, allowing for a more ‘balanced’ investment portfolio. There are too many ISAs being used as cash deposit accounts by ‘nervous’ investors. Our clients tend not to fall into this trap, but of course millions of people do. Inflation is best beaten over time by investment into assets that grow (holdings in companies listed on the world stock markets). Cash is simply giving banks your money so that they can invest it for their benefit.

Here are the six reforms from HMRC:

The Government announced a package of ISA reforms and will make these changes to ISAs from 6 April 2024:

Increase the age for opening Cash ISAs from 16 to 18 and over. This is consistent with the age requirement already in place for opening Stocks and Shares, Innovative Finance and Lifetime ISAs.
Allow subscriptions to multiple ISAs of the same type, with the exception of Lifetime ISA, within the tax year, removing the limit on subscribing to one ISA of each type per year. All subscriptions must remain within the overall ISA limit of £20,000.
Remove the requirement for an investor to make a fresh ISA application where an existing ISA account has received no subscription in the previous tax year.
Allow Long-Term Asset Funds to be permitted investments in an Innovative Finance ISA, which does not require access to funds within 30 days.
Allow open-ended property funds with extended notice periods to be permitted investments in an Innovative Finance ISA.
Allow partial transfers of current year ISA subscriptions between ISA managers.

The government also plans to hold discussions with industry on allowing certain fractions of shares to become permitted ISA investments.

Most of this will not impact you, everything we do here at Solomon’s is flexible and one of the benefits of regular reviews is that we can assess and check ongoing suitability of the financial products we have arranged for you and the portfolio being used.

If you have any questions at all, please get in touch. If you need a review sooner than normal or feel one may be overdue, please drop us a line.

BACK TO ALL BLOGS

ISAs are being ”Simplified”Jemima Thomas2024-04-17T16:48:07+01:00

Tax year ending

Dominic Thomas
Feb 2023 • 12 min read

Tax year ending!

There are not many weeks left of the 22/23 tax year, which ends on Wednesday 5^th April. As a brief reminder of the key issues, I have done a quick summary … if you are not sure of what you have used or what you can use, please get in touch with us as soon as you can.

PENSIONS

Everyone under the age of 75 can contribute £2,880 into a pension and get basic rate tax relief, irrespective of any income. This is as close as it gets to ‘money for nothing’
The annual allowance of £40,000 applies to those with incomes of £3,600 – £240,000. You and an employer may contribute up to 100% of your earned income (capped at £40,000) between you
Those earning over £240,000 need to be careful; your allowance reduces by £1 for every £2 of income over £240,000 until it reaches £4,000 – which includes any employer payments

ISAs – INDIVIDUAL SAVINGS ACCOUNTS

Any adult can invest up to £20,000 over the course of the tax year into an ISA which grows free of income tax and capital gains tax
Those aged 18-40 can use a Lifetime ISA allowance of £4,000 if this is for a deposit on a first ever home. The Government will add £1,000

CAPITAL GAINS

If you are selling an asset / investment (which would include rebalancing them) this triggers capital gains. The 22/23 allowance is £12,300 of gains before you pay any tax, but this is falling in 23/24 to just £6,000 and then £3,000 the following tax year. So if you are going to do this anyway, I would encourage you to get on with it – perhaps you have some shares that you don’t really want …
Trusts also pay capital gains, but only have half of the personal allowance, so even more incentive to take profits and rebalance
You can delay payment of capital gains tax using some investments (ask/see below)

INCOME

If your income exceeds £100,000, you begin to have your personal allowance of £12,570 reduced by 50p for every £1 above £100,000. The personal allowance is the amount of income taxed at 0%. So it would be prudent to have bonuses paid into pensions for example
Dividends – the first £2,000 of dividends is tax-free in 22/23
Interest for non or basic rate taxpayers is 0% on the first £1,000 of interest (savings allowance) and £500 for higher rate taxpayers. Additional rate (45%) taxpayers don’t get the allowance. As some deposit accounts now pay 3% or 4%, you may be drawn into this (a higher rate taxpayer only needs £16,666 in savings earning 3% interest of £499. You need to declare all income to HMRC through self assessment
If you really must insist on a cash ISA (please only for ‘short-term parking’ of money) then this would ensure the interest is tax-free, but rates on cash ISAs are much lower than savings accounts now
If you are not using your full personal allowance and have investments that provide taxable income, this may be a sensible moment to trigger income that uses your allowance
If you rent a room in your home, there is a tax-free rent-a-room allowance of £7,500

ANNUAL GIVING

You can gift £3,000 to any individual without recourse to tax by the recipient or your estate. If you do any substantial giving please put a scan of a signed note of this on our portal
If you are feeling generous, you are also permitted to gift your newlywed children £5,000 or grandchildren £2,500

SPOUSE ALLOWANCES

If you have a spouse who does not earn up to the personal allowance of £12,570, you can elect to have 10% of this (£1,257) added to your own allowance
Spouses also can benefit from sharing assets and effectively doubling exemptions and allowances

ALTERNATIVES & HIGH-RISK INVESTING

It is generally thought that VCTs, EIS and SEIS are really for more sophisticated investors, about 3% of the population. All are long term in nature – meaning 6-10 years. Unlike your portfolio elsewhere (which – if we are managing it – will be an enormous portfolio of global equities), these are very small by comparison. Do not do these on your own unless you know your Sharpe ratio from your Beta. Unlike the above, the investments below can experience permanent loss:

Venture Capital Trusts

Tax-free income from your investment
Tax-free capital gains
Tax relief of 30% on your initial investment (tax reducer)

Enterprise Investment Schemes

30% tax relief on your investment
The ability to defer owed capital gains tax
Loss relief
Exempt from inheritance tax

Seed Enterprise Investment Schemes

50% tax relief on your investment
Reduce your due capital gains tax bill by 50% immediately
Exempt from inheritance tax

DON’T FORGET

Income taxes are tiered. Each slice of your income is taxed at a different rate.

Band	Taxable income	Tax rate
Personal Allowance	Up to £12,570	0%
Basic rate	£12,571 to £50,270	20%
Higher rate	£50,271 to £150,000	40%
Additional rate	over £150,000	45%

Please remember that HMRC will apply penalties for late payment and fines for non-payment which can result in the very worst of punitive measures – a custodial sentence.

As ever, be sure of two things – death and taxes. Neither are terribly welcome.

BACK TO ALL BLOGS

Tax year endingJemima Thomas2023-12-01T12:12:37+00:00

THE TROUBLE WITH CASH ISAs

TODAY’S BLOG

THE TROUBLE WITH ISAS

HMRC have published their data about ISAs to the end of the 2018/19 tax year. Their data is reliable or should be because you will recall that each ISA requires your unique National Insurance number. As a result, it is possible to provide accurate data about income, age, gender, and employment.

The deeply disturbing news is that the vast bulk of ISAs are cash ISAs. Cash ISAs are glorified deposit accounts, cash is not a sensible long-term investment strategy, it is a perfect short-term spending strategy. As cash rates have declined from not very much to virtually nothing over the last 20 years, Cash ISAs have basically failed to keep pace with inflation.

“BUT CASH ISAs ARE LOW RISK”

“But Cash ISAs are low risk” you cry, well… what you really mean is that the value doesn’t go up and down (volatility) your assertion would be right, but when you factor inflation into the actual real world, then Cash ISAs are pretty much basically always guaranteed to go down. The risk you run is one of running out of money and the power of your pound shrinks.

There may of course be good reasons for holding Cash ISAs, but based on income range, people over £30,000 generally have more stocks and shares ISAs than Cash ISAs – though its still a fairly close-run thing.

“BUT AT LEAST CASH ISAs ARE TAX FREE”

Cash ISAs are tax free, that is certainly true. What that means is that the interest paid to you on your deposit is tax free. All good… well, it was. Since 6 April 2016 there has been a personal savings allowance. Basic Rate (20%) taxpayers are able to earn interest of £1,000 without it being taxed. Higher Rate taxpayers have a £500 allowance and Additional Rate – well, of course we know that it is politically expedient to be seen to punish anyone earning £150,000 or more, so no tax-free savings for you!

WHY LOCK INTO A DEPRECIATING ASSET?

Taking a basic rate taxpayer with interest rates at something like 1.5% at best, then you would need more than £66,000 in your cash ISA before any tax would be applied to the interest. At 1% it would require £100,000. Higher rate taxpayers simply halve the numbers. As for the tax that would be applied on interest above that – well no more than a round of drinks for most people.

A quick trawl of Cash ISA rates today (30/06/2020) and the very best rate I can find is 1.25% if you want to lock your cash up for 7 years… why anyone would do this is beyond me. Then there is the aggravation of regularly looking for a better rate and the hassle of moving your really rather duff Cash ISA into a different one. Life is too short for this nonsense isn’t it?

Similarly, junior ISAs – why bother holding cash for a child for 18 years and missing out on investment growth over nearly 2 decades. It is madness. Investors and savers really must understand what risk really means.

The value of ISAs to the end of the data was £584billion, of which cash ISAs account for 46% yet make up 76% of all ISAs. The chart below (from the HMRC bulletin – so labelled Chart 4) shows the fluctuating but growing value of shares in ISAs. Remember all are being added to each tax year, but the vast majority of the money each year goes into Cash ISAs.

CONFESSIONS OF A CASH ADDICT

OK – so you have some cash ISAs. I am not saying you shouldn’t have them, but only do so if you intend to spend the money fairly soon (within 3-5 years tops). Otherwise you are missing out on a lot of growth and the ability to keep the power of your £ working for you. If you would like a review, do some of the legwork, compile a list of your Cash ISAs, the balances, the Banks or Building Societies that they are with and the current rate of interest you earn. If there is a fixed rate, confirm when that ends. Then send me the information.

Dominic Thomas
Solomons IFA

You can read more articles about Pensions, Wealth Management, Retirement, Investments, Financial Planning and Estate Planning on my blog which gets updated every week. If you would like to talk to me about your personal wealth planning and how we can make you stay wealthier for longer then please get in touch by calling 08000 736 273 or email info@solomonsifa.co.uk

GET IN TOUCH

Solomon’s Independent Financial Advisers
The Old Bakery, 2D Edna Road, Raynes Park, London, SW20 8BT

Email – info@solomonsifa.co.uk
Call – 020 8542 8084

7 QUESTIONS, NO WAFFLE

Are we a good fit for you?

Take Survey

PRIVACY POLICY | DATA PROTECTION

GET IN TOUCH

Solomon’s Independent Financial Advisers
The Old Bakery, 2D Edna Road, Raynes Park, London, SW20 8BT

Email – info@solomonsifa.co.uk Call – 020 8542 8084

7 QUESTIONS, NO WAFFLE

Are we a good fit for you?

Take Survey

PRIVACY POLICY | DATA PROTECTION

THE TROUBLE WITH CASH ISAsDominic2023-12-01T12:13:16+00:00